The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.